Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR/TAVI): A Minimally Invasive Heart Procedure
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) or Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is an advanced minimally invasive procedure that replaces a diseased aortic valve without removing the old, damaged valve. Instead, the new valve is implanted within the existing valve, restoring proper heart function.
How is the TAVR/TAVI Procedure Performed?
Traditional valve replacement requires open-heart surgery with a sternotomy, where the chest is surgically opened. However, TAVR/TAVI can be performed through small incisions, leaving the chest bones intact.
This approach is particularly beneficial for patients who may not be ideal candidates for traditional surgery. While TAVR has some risks, it offers a shorter hospital stay and a faster recovery compared to conventional valve replacement.
Approaches for TAVR/TAVI
The procedure can be performed using one of two techniques, depending on the patient’s condition and the safest route to the valve:
- Transfemoral Approach (Through the Groin)
- A catheter is inserted through the femoral artery in the groin.
- This is a completely percutaneous (non-surgical) approach, avoiding a chest incision.
- Transapical Approach (Through the Chest)
- A small incision is made in the chest.
- The catheter is guided through a large artery in the chest or directly through the left ventricle’s apex.
- This method is used when the transfemoral approach is not suitable.
Why Choose TAVR/TAVI?
- Minimally invasive, reducing recovery time.
- No need for open-heart surgery in most cases.
- Suitable for high-risk patients who may not tolerate traditional surgery.
- Faster hospital discharge and return to normal activities.
TAVR/TAVI has revolutionized aortic valve replacement, offering a safer and more efficient alternative to open-heart surgery for many patients.