Pacemaker Implantation: A Lifesaving Procedure

A pacemaker is a small, battery-operated device that helps regulate an irregular heartbeat. It is implanted under the skin, typically near the collarbone, and connected to the heart with thin wires. The device sends electrical impulses to stimulate the heart when it beats too slowly (bradycardia) or irregularly.

When is a Pacemaker Needed?

A pacemaker may be recommended for individuals experiencing:

  • Bradycardia – A slow heart rate that causes dizziness, fatigue, or fainting.
  • Heart Block – A condition where electrical signals are delayed or blocked between the heart’s chambers.
  • Atrial Fibrillation with Slow Heart Rate – Some cases of atrial fibrillation require a pacemaker if the heart rate becomes too slow.
  • Heart Failure – Certain pacemakers, known as cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices, help improve heart function in patients with heart failure.

The Pacemaker Implantation Procedure

The implantation is a minimally invasive procedure performed under local anesthesia with sedation. The key steps include:

  1. Making a small incision near the collarbone.
  2. Inserting lead wires into a vein and guiding them to the heart with X-ray assistance.
  3. Connecting the leads to the pacemaker, which is then placed under the skin.
  4. Testing the pacemaker to ensure it is functioning correctly before closing the incision.

Recovery and Aftercare

  • Most patients can go home within 24 hours after implantation.
  • Avoid lifting heavy objects or raising the arm above shoulder level for a few weeks.
  • Regular follow-ups are needed to monitor the pacemaker’s function and battery life.

Living with a Pacemaker

  • Pacemakers adjust heart rhythms automatically, allowing patients to lead a normal, active life.
  • Certain electronic devices and strong magnetic fields should be avoided to prevent interference.
  • Battery life typically lasts 5 to 15 years, after which replacement is needed.

A pacemaker can significantly improve quality of life by preventing dangerous heart rate abnormalities and reducing symptoms of fatigue, dizziness, and fainting.